College soccer is association football played by teams of male or female students of colleges and universities. College soccer is probably most widespread in the United States, but is also prominent in South Korea and Canada. In these countries the institutions typically hire full time professional coaches and staff, although the student athletes are not paid.
In the United States, college soccer is featured in many collegiate athletic associations including NCAA, NAIA, the NCCAA, and the USCAA.
Many top American college soccer players play for separate teams in the Premier Development League (PDL) during the summer. One college club, the BYU Cougars men's team, has foregone playing in the NCAA or NAIA and instead play all of their games in the PDL. At the end of the NCAA college season, there is a college soccer 'draft', and during this draft the Professional Clubs in the USA can opt to draft the most talented college players to the professional leagues directly from college. The Professional Leagues who have the opportunity to cast their picks are usually the MLS (Major League Soccer) and the MISL (Major Indoor Soccer League), with the lower professional leagues such as USL1 and NASL having other ways to draft.
Rules
While similar in general appearance, NCAA rules diverge significantly from FIFA Laws of the Game. If a player accumulates five yellow cards over the period of one season, he or she is banned one game. A manager may make unlimited substitutions; however, a player cannot re-enter a game in the same half that he left in. All matches have an overtime period if the game remains tied after 90 minutes. As opposed to a classic two half overtime, a sudden death rule is applied. If neither team scores in the two ten-minute halves, the match ends in a draw (unless it is a playoff match, then it would be penalty kicks). College soccer is played on a "running clock" that is constantly counting down unless the referee signals for the clock to be stopped by injuries, the issuing of misconducts, or when he feels a team is wasting time. The clock is also stopped after goals until play is restarted. In most professional soccer leagues, there is an up-counting clock with the referee adding injury time to the end of each 45-minute half.
Divisions and conferences in the United States
There are 205 Division I, 207 Division II, and 408 Division III Men's Soccer Programs.
NCAA Division I
- American Athletic Conference
- America East Conference
- Atlantic Coast Conference
- Atlantic Ten Conference
- Atlantic Sun Conference
- Big East Conference
- Big South Conference
- Big Ten Conference
- Big West Conference
- Colonial Athletic Association
- Conference USA
- Horizon League
- Ivy League
- Metro Atlantic Athletic Conference
- Mid-American Conference
- Missouri Valley Conference
- Northeast Conference
- Pacific-12 Conference
- Patriot League
- Southern Conference
- Southwestern Athletic Conference
- The Summit League
- Sun Belt Conference
- West Coast Conference
- Independents
NCAA Division II
- California Collegiate Athletic Association
- Central Atlantic Collegiate Conference
- Conference Carolinas
- East Coast Conference
- Great Lakes Intercollegiate Athletic Conference
- Great Lakes Valley Conference
- Great Midwest Athletic Conference
- Great Northwest Athletic Conference
- Gulf South Conference
- Heartland Conference
- Midâ€"America Intercollegiate Athletics Association
- Mountain East Conference
- Northeast Ten Conference
- Northern Sun Intercollegiate Conference
- Pacific West Conference
- Peach Belt Conference
- Pennsylvania State Athletic Conference
- Rocky Mountain Athletic Conference
- South Atlantic Conference
- Sunshine State Conference
- NCAA Division II independent schools
NCAA Division III
- Allegheny Mountain Collegiate Conference
- American Southwest Conference
- Capital Athletic Conference
- Centennial Conference
- City University of New York Athletic Conference
- College Conference of Illinois and Wisconsin
- Colonial States Athletic Conference
- Commonwealth Coast Conference
- Empire Eight
- Great Northeast Athletic Conference
- Great South Athletic Conference
- Heartland Collegiate Athletic Conference
- Iowa Intercollegiate Athletic Conference
- Landmark Conference
- Liberty League
- Little East Conference
- Massachusetts State College Athletic Conference
- Michigan Intercollegiate Athletic Association
- Middle Atlantic States Collegiate Athletic Corporation
- Midwest Conference
- Minnesota Intercollegiate Athletic Conference
- New England Small College Athletic Conference
- New England Women's and Men's Athletic Conference
- New Jersey Athletic Conference
- North Atlantic Conference
- North Coast Athletic Conference
- North Eastern Athletic Conference
- Northern Athletics Collegiate Conference
- Northwest Conference
- Ohio Athletic Conference
- Old Dominion Athletic Conference
- Presidents' Athletic Conference
- Skyline Conference
- St. Louis Intercollegiate Athletic Conference
- Southern Athletic Association
- Southern California Intercollegiate Athletic Conference
- Southern Collegiate Athletic Conference
- State University of New York Athletic Conference
- USA South Athletic Conference
- Upper Midwest Athletic Conference
- University Athletic Association
- Wisconsin Intercollegiate Athletic Conference
- NCAA Division III independent schools
NAIA
- American Midwest Conference
- Appalachian Athletic Conference
- California Pacific Conference
- Cascade Collegiate Conference
- Chicagoland Collegiate Athletic Conference
- Crossroads League
- Frontier Conference
- Golden State Athletic Conference
- Great Plains Athletic Conference
- Kansas Collegiate Athletic Conference
- Kentucky Intercollegiate Athletic Conference
- Heart of America Athletic Conference
- Mid-South Conference
- Midlands Collegiate Athletic Conference
- Midwest Collegiate Conference
- North Star Athletic Association
- Red River Athletic Conference
- Sooner Athletic Conference
- Southern States Athletic Conference
- The Sun Conference
- Wolverine-Hoosier Athletic Conference
- NAIA independent schools
History of college soccer in the U.S.
The NCAA first began holding a national championship in 1959, Prior to 1959, the national champion had been determined by a national poll instead of through a national tournament.
St. Louis University won the 1959 inaugural championship using mostly local players, defeating a number of teams that were mostly foreign players. St. Louis University continued to dominate the Division I Championship for a number of years, appearing in five consecutive finals from 1959 to 1963 and winning four; and appearing in six consecutive finals from 1969 to 1974 and winning four. College soccer continued growing throughout the 1970s, with the NCAA adding a Division III in 1974 to accommodate the growing number of schools.
Indiana University dominated mens soccer in the 1980s, 90s, and 00s with 8 national championships, 6 Hermann Trophies (national player of the year), countless All Americans, 13 national team players, and 6 Olympians. From 1973 to 2003 no team won more national championships or had more NCAA College Cup appearances than Indiana.
Virginia won a record four consecutive national championships from 1991 to 1994 under head coach Bruce Arena, who later went on to coach the U.S. national team.
Divisions and conferences internationally
Canada
In Canada, there are two organizations that regulate university and collegiate athletics.
Canadian Interuniversity Sport (CIS)
- Atlantic University Sport (AUS)
- Canada West Universities Athletic Association (CWUAA)
- Ontario University Athletics (OUA)
- Quebec Student Sports Federation (QSSF)
Canadian Colleges Athletic Association
- Atlantic Colleges Athletic Association (ACAA)
- Quebec Student Sports Federation (QSSF)
- Ontario Colleges Athletic Association (OCAA)
- Alberta Colleges Athletic Conference (ACAC)
- British Columbia Colleges Athletic Association (BCCAA)
South Korea
The U-League is a university football competition in Korea Republic. Created in 2008, it is the first organized league competition for university football teams and will operate outside of the regular Korean football league structure.
United Kingdom
In the United Kingdom, association football in colleges and universities is governed by the BUSA Football League.
National college soccer awards
- See Category:College soccer trophies and awards in the United States
- Hermann Trophy (Missouri Athletic Club Player of the Year)
- NSCAA Player of the Year
- Soccer America Player of the Year
- ISAA Player of the Year
- ISAA Goalkeeper of the Year
- NSCAA Coach of the Year
Notable American men's college soccer graduates
Noted as players
Noted in other fields
- Robert Gibbs (White House Press Secretary to President Barack Obama), North Carolina State
- David Petraeus (commander of United States Central Command and formerly Multinational Force Iraq), Army
- Andrew Shue (actor), Dartmouth
- Jim Sonefeld (drummer for Hootie & the Blowfish), South Carolina
- Jon Stewart (comedian), William & Mary
- Ethan Zohn (reality TV contestant and host), Vassar
- Mat Kearney (singer-songwriter), Chico State
Notable non-American men's college soccer graduates
Noted as players
Noted in other fields
- Paul Diamond, Old Dominion â€" professional wrestler,  Canada (born in what is now  Croatia)
- Alejandro Toledo, San Francisco â€" President of  Peru, 2001â€"2006
Notable men's college soccer coaches
- Al Albert, William and Mary
- Bruce Arena, Virginia
- Bob Bradley, Princeton
- Clive Charles, Portland
- Sasho Cirovski, Maryland
- Bob Gansler, Milwaukee
- George Gelnovatch, Virginia
- Barry Gorman, Penn State
- Bob Guelker, St. Louis & SIU Edwardsville
- Schellas Hyndman, Southern Methodist
- Ibrahim M. Ibrahim, Clemson
- Lev Kirshner, San Diego State
- Stephen Negoesco, San Francisco
- Sigi Schmid, UCLA
- Tim Vom Steeg, UC Santa Barbara
- Jerry Yeagley, Indiana
Notable American women's college soccer graduates
Notable non-American women's college soccer graduates
- Charmaine Hooper, NC State (Canada)
- Kara Lang, UCLA (Canada)
- Andrea Neil, UBC (Canada)
- Ali Riley, Stanford (New Zealand)
- Christine Sinclair, Portland (Canada)
- Kelly Smith, Seton Hall (England)
- Melissa Tancredi, Notre Dame (Canada)
- Brittany Timko, Nebraska (Canada)
See also
- List of NCAA Division I men's soccer programs
- List of NCAA Division II men's soccer programs
- NCAA Division I Men's Soccer Championship
- NCAA Division II Men's Soccer Championship
- NCAA Division III Men's Soccer Championship
- NCAA Women's Soccer Championship
- NAIA national men's soccer championship
- NAIA national women's soccer championship
- Hermann Trophy
- Division I First-Team All-Americans
- Soccer in the United States
- College athletics
- College rivalries
- Canadian Interuniversity Sport (CIS)
- Canadian Colleges Athletic Association (CCAA)
- Canadian Colleges Athletic Association Soccer National Championships
Notes and references
External links
- Soccer Rules of the Game (NCAA)
- Division III Soccer Information
- College Soccer News & Rankings
- College Soccer Rankings
- College Soccer Standings
- Play Atlantic
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