College education, informally referred to as College and often incorrectly by the umbrella acronym CEGEP in the Canadian province of Quebec is the post-secondary level immediately after high-school but required for university admissions. The Quebec education system is unique in North America, one aspect of that uniqueness is that it is the only system that has four separate education levels: grade school, high school, college, university.
The college level is a separate and distinct step in Quebec, for students graduating from high school in Quebec a college diploma is required for admission into university. In the rest of Canada colleges have historically been technical schools that offer specialized professional or vocational education in specific employment fields, in the USA the term college is synonymous with university.
College Education
Quebec high school starts at grade 7 and ends at grade 11, 1 year earlier than in English North America and most Quebec university programs are three years in length. With a collegiate level between high school and university bridging the gap:
- English system 1-8 + 9-12 + 4 University = 16 years
- Quebec system 1-6 + 7-11 + 2 College + 3 University = 16 years
Two main college paths are possible:
Pre-University programs of two years, leading to a college diploma required for university admissions.
Specialized vocational programs of either three years, leading to a college diploma and entry to the job market, with a possibility of university admissions, or one year leading to a college certificate and direct entry into the workforce.
Types of colleges
There are three types of colleges in Quebec, public colleges, private colleges, and government colleges.
Public colleges
The majority of college students attend a public General and Vocational College, also known as the French acronym "cegep" (French: Collège d'Enseignement General et Professionel). These colleges do not charge tuition to Quebec residents, although small administrative fees are charged.
Private colleges
A large number of private colleges also exist at the collegiate level. Some of these schools receive funding from the government, others do not, and therefore tuition can vary greatly between schools.
Government colleges
There are a small number of collegiate level government institutions that are not private colleges, yet also not public colleges, as defined under Quebec's General and Vocational College law. One example is the Quebec Music Conservatory.
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